Does Ozempic Cause Constipation?

Ozempic (semaglutide) is widely prescribed for type 2 diabetes management and weight loss, but like any medication, it comes with potential side effects. Among them, constipation is a commonly reported issue that can affect patients’ comfort and digestion. While some people experience mild symptoms, others may find constipation a persistent and uncomfortable problem. Here’s what you need to know about Ozempic-related constipation and how to manage it effectively.

Why Does Ozempic Cause Constipation?

Ozempic belongs to a class of medications called GLP-1 receptor agonists, which work by slowing down digestion, reducing appetite, and regulating blood sugar levels. While these effects can be beneficial for weight management and glucose control, they can also lead to delayed gastric emptying, which contributes to constipation.

Several factors contribute to constipation while taking Ozempic:

• Slower Digestion: Ozempic slows the movement of food through the digestive tract, leading to delayed bowel movements.
• Decreased Appetite: Since Ozempic helps control hunger, people often eat less, which can reduce fiber intake and contribute to constipation.
• Fluid Retention Changes: Some users may experience shifts in hydration levels, which can lead to harder stools.

Studies indicate that 3% to 13% of Ozempic users experience constipation, though severity varies from person to person.

How to Relieve Ozempic-Related Constipation

If you’re experiencing constipation while on Ozempic, there are several steps you can take to manage it effectively.

1. Increase Fiber Intake

A diet rich in fiber helps promote healthy bowel movements by adding bulk to stool and stimulating digestion.

• Aim for 25–30 grams of fiber per day from sources such as:
  • Fruits: Apples, pears, berries, prunes
  • Vegetables: Broccoli, spinach, carrots
  • Whole grains: Oats, quinoa, brown rice
  • Legumes: Lentils, chickpeas, beans
• If you struggle to get enough fiber from food, consider a fiber supplement like psyllium husk or methylcellulose.

2. Stay Hydrated

Water is crucial for preventing constipation, as it helps soften stool and supports digestion.

• Drink at least 8–10 glasses of water per day.
• Herbal teas, coconut water, and broth-based soups can also contribute to hydration.
• Avoid excessive caffeine and alcohol, which can dehydrate the body.

3. Get Regular Exercise

Physical activity stimulates intestinal movement, making it easier for waste to pass through the digestive tract.

• Aim for at least 30 minutes of movement daily.
• Activities like walking, yoga, and stretching can improve digestion and reduce bloating.

4. Try Over-the-Counter Remedies

If dietary and lifestyle changes aren’t enough, certain medications may help relieve constipation.

• Stool softeners (e.g., docusate sodium) can make stool easier to pass.
• Osmotic laxatives (e.g., polyethylene glycol, magnesium citrate) draw water into the colon, softening stool.
• Fiber-based laxatives (e.g., psyllium husk) help bulk up stool and promote bowel regularity.
• Stimulant laxatives (e.g., bisacodyl, senna) should be used only occasionally, as they can lead to dependence if overused.

Always check with a doctor before taking new medications, especially if you have underlying health conditions.

5. Adjust Your Ozempic Dosage (With Medical Guidance)

• Some people experience more severe digestive issues when starting Ozempic or increasing their dosage.
• If constipation becomes unmanageable, talk to your healthcare provider about adjusting your dose or trying a different medication.

When to See a Doctor

While mild constipation can often be managed at home, severe or prolonged constipation may require medical attention. Contact your doctor if you experience:

• No bowel movements for more than three days despite dietary changes.
• Severe abdominal pain, bloating, or nausea.
• Signs of impaction (hard stool that won’t pass).
• Blood in the stool or other unusual symptoms.

Final Thoughts: Managing Constipation While Taking Ozempic

Constipation is a possible side effect of Ozempic, but it doesn’t have to derail your treatment. By making small lifestyle adjustments—such as increasing fiber, staying hydrated, exercising, and considering mild laxatives if needed—you can keep your digestive system functioning smoothly.

If constipation persists or worsens, don’t hesitate to talk to your doctor about modifying your treatment plan. With the right approach, you can continue reaping the benefits of Ozempic while minimizing discomfort.